Representation of Economic Inequality in Rajawali Lembah Huai by Kho Ping Hoo

Abstract

Economic inequality involves not only differences in income but also unequal access to and control over economic resources and the social relations arising from such disparities. These issues can be represented in literary works, including martial arts fiction that portrays social life and conflict. This study aims to analyze the representation of economic inequality in Kho Ping Hoo’s Rajawali Lembah Huai. Using a qualitative approach and content analysis, the study examines words, phrases, sentences, dialogues, narratives, and events that represent economic inequality. Data were analyzed through identification, classification, interpretation, and conclusion by relating textual findings to the concept of economic inequality and relevant previous studies. The findings reveal three main forms of economic inequality: unequal land ownership, debt and interest relations, and inequality in labor relations. These forms are interconnected. Concentrated land ownership causes communities to lose productive assets, while economic hardship creates dependency through debt and interest. The loss of productive assets subsequently weakens the community’s position in labor relations with those who control economic resources. Concentrated wealth is also associated with social power and violence used to maintain unequal economic relations. The study demonstrates that Rajawali Lembah Huai not only presents martial arts conflicts and adventures but also represents economic inequality and the social dynamics surrounding unequal access to economic resources